Dufton ribbon


This page gives a brief history of the Dufton family that moved from Cumbria at the start of the Industrial Revolution, and of their descendants who settled in the coal fields of Durham. 


The Dufton families with links to Durham can trace their family back to Thomas Dufton who was born in 1776 at Hilltop Farm, on Sceugh Hill, in the parish of Hesket in the Forest, in the county of Cumberland.  Thomas's parents were Richard Dufton and Ann Robson, or Nancy as she is often referred to.  Richard and Nancy were to move with their family, from Hilltop during the 1790s to Carlisle,  where they lived in the Botchergate area. 

Hilltop farm
Hilltop farm, birthplace of Thomas Dufton.

Both are buried in the graveyard at St Cuthbert's church in Carlisle.  The Carlisle Journal on the 23 August 1823 gave a report on the death of Richard.  Their family had worked in agriculture for generations but events had occurred that saw them and others move away from the farm and the land into industrial work at Carlisle.  Firstly, this was a time when the enclosure of land around the Inglewood Forest and the wastelands was beginning.  The expense of complying with the new enclosure regulations saw many smaller farmers forced off the land.  But, the city of Carlisle was going through a time of prosperity due mainly to the growth of the textile trade, and many workers were drawn into the city.  However, with competition from other parts of the country Carlisle's fortunes began to fade.  Unemployment and poverty were to follow, by 1826 there were riots and great unrest in the city. 

St Cuthberts
St Cuthbert's Carlisle location of Richard and Ann's burial

Thomas Dufton had moved away from Carlisle and over the county border into Northumberland, and settled in the Haydon Bridge area. 
He married Mary Dobinson in 1803 at All Saints church in nearby Haltwhistle. 


All Saints church location of Thomas and Mary's marriage

Mary's parents lived at Millhouse, and owned a tavern in the small village of Beltingham, which is on the banks of the South Tyne river, opposite Bardon Mill.  In the churchyard at Beltingham is an ancient yew tree that is claimed to be almost two thousand years old.

 Besides being the location of Thomas and Mary's marriage Haltwhistle's other claim to fame is that it is the
'geographical centre of Great Britain'. Haltwhistle is also the location of the world's most northern chilli farm!!

Haltwhistle sign

Thomas and Mary had a family of 14 children, and are recorded as living at Morralee, and then at Lees, both are farms.  Records state that Thomas was an agriculture labourer, so it is assumed the he was to work at these two farms, as maps of that time indicate no other dwellings in that immediate location.  Interestingly the next farm to Moralee and Lees is East Land Ends,  where the artist John Martin was born and lived, which was at the same time that Thomas was at Moralee. 
Moralee seems to be an idyllic place to live, it is situated between the banks of the River Tyne, and the River Allen, to the west is the beautiful Langley Castle, and to the east the impressive Ridley Hall.  South of Moralee is the A686 Alston and Penrith road which has been voted in the top ten most scenic drives in the world. The path along the river at Allen Banks is superb walking, passing through Allen gorge and over the suspension bridge, then the climb up into Morralee woods with its small tarn.  There are the remains of an old quarry and mine workings in the wood, and it is possible that Thomas's sons, who stayed away from agriculture, learnt their trades as stonemasons, carpenters and miners here.  Haydon Bridge was the centre of the local mining area with many small mines and lead mills offering employment. 


Morallee farm
Morallee map
Morallee farm
1796 Map showing Morallee and several of the mines and mills

Thomas's father and grandfather were both named Richard Dufton, and strangely, although Thomas and Mary had nine sons none of them were named Richard.  In fact the name Richard Dufton has never been used by any of his many Dufton descendants.

 

Haydon old church
Haydon Bridge
The old church at Haydon Bridge
The old bridge at Haydon Bridge


Records indicate that the family remain near Haydon Bridge, but moved across the river towards Fourstones and Warden.  Mary died in 1838 and was buried at Haydon Bridge.  The family gradually moved into county Durham, this was the time of the Industrial Revolution and the demand for coal saw Durham's population increase by more than any other county.  After Mary's death Thomas moved to Durham, near Annfield Plain, and appears on the 1841 census at Kyo Burn working as an agricultural labourer, possibly a sawyer.  He died in the workhouse at Lanchester in 1848, he had been paralysed for over four years.


St Nicholas's church Newcastle
Several of Thomas's family were married and baptised here.

Most of the Durham Duftons are descendants of Francis Dufton, who was Thomas's sixth son born in 1816 at Haydon Bridge.  Francis moved into Durham around 1840, and appears on the 1841 census living at Oaks, by the river at Evenwood, near West Auckland, with his young nephew Robert, and working as a coal miner.  Francis was married on 25th December 1841 at St Margaret's in Durham, his wife was Annie Dawson who came from a mining family living in Weardale, possibly Stanhope or Wolsingham.  He remain in the Bishop Auckland area until 1855 when the family then moved to Wolsingham, Tow Low, and finally settled at Hedley Hill Cottage in Hedleyhope.  Both Francis and Annie were to die there in 1888 and 1896 respectively.

The other members of Francis and Annie's family were to remain in the area around Lanchester. The various branches of the Dufton families were to settle in Cornsay, Hedleyhope, Annfield Plain and Stanley.

Annfield Plain coop

The Annfield Plain Co-op. The building was moved from Annfield Plain to the Beamish Museum.
This photograph was taken by Tim Dufton whose brother Chris was involved, as a schoolboy, in moving the building. Francis and Annie Dufton used this store in times past.

Dufton place of doves

The eldest of Francis and Annie's family was John, who was to return to the Bishop Auckland area, he lived at Etherley and then finally at Escomb with his wife Mary Jackson and their 12 children. The family home at 15 Bridge Row still remains. One of their sons, Arthur, was killed while working in the George mine at Etherley, he was 15 years old, Arthur is buried in the graveyard of St John's church which is on the bank above Escomb. Also buried in the churchyard are most of the other members of his family. Although, others were buried at nearby Witton Park once the church closed.

Escomb church
Escomb swing bridge
Built about 670 the Saxon church at Escomb is
the oldest church in England.
The old swing bridge across the river Wear at Escomb. Miners would use the bridge to get from the village to the Toronto mine on the far side of the river.

The Dufton family home during the 1880s and 1890s at Bridge Row in Escomb.
The Dufton family home between 1900 and 1950 at Cross Row in Escomb.


An Escomb Childhood.

Part of a letter from Gwen, the daughter of Mary Jane Dufton, about her childhood in Escomb in the 1910s and 1920s.
Gwen writes with reference to the map....

A.. 11 and 4 Bridge Row the first homes in Escomb of John and Elizabeth Dufton.

B..John and Elizabeth Dufton's next home at Cross Row Cottages, Escomb.

C..Parkin's Yard the home of John William and Mary Ann Dufton at 9 Low Escomb.
Birthplace of John and Mary's family.

D..Village allotments given by the mine owner so that during the war the villagers would be able to grow their own food.

E..The pit heap at the back of Parkin's close was always burning during her childhood, but villagers were burnt and injured whilst trying to collect waste coal.

F..The old Saxon church is the oldest church in England, there is supposedly a secret tunnel from the church to the Roman fort at 'Brusselton Folly'.

G..A rather dangerous game was played here by the village children. This involved them climbing over the side of the train bridge, and standing on a very narrow edge high above the train lines. The game was to get 'lost in the steam' as the trains puffed past below them. Much to the anger and worry of the engine crew.

H..The Blue Bell inn was run by uncle Frank Dufton's in-laws.

There were two chapels in Escomb, and the children would attend each on alternate Sundays, the idea was to gain enough stars to attend the treats at each chapel.



Bridge Row in Escomb today. On the 1881 census the Duftons lived at the 7th
house down from the top of the row. On the 1891 census the family were living at the 4th house from the bottom of the row.


The Village of Escomb.

This poem was written in 1903 by a villager, and gives a great in-sight into life in Escomb at a time when the Dufton family were residents of the village.

Two miles to the west of Bishop Auckland,
Close by the river Wear, Iittle Escomb doth stand , this ancient little place was once noted for its plum fair,
Where the lads and lasses did go to enjoy themselves there.

Small as this village is, I am proud to say,
We have two South African heroes living in it today,
Then we have some more, far over the sea,
Serving with their regiment, wherever it may be.
Also we have some old Soldiers, Volunteers, and Militiamen living here,
Who are ever ready to do duty for their country when danger is near:

Then there is the old Church which has stood twelve centuries or more,
Its walls are good, though built in old yore. Its roof it decayed and was much broken in,
And quite open laid for the birds to dwell in; For years it was in ruin, and mouldering away,
While our friends in their graves all round it did lay.

But visitors came from far and from near,
To see the old Church so ancient and dear,
And subscriptions were given to have it restored,
And paid to the late Vicar - the Rev. T Lord.

On the 4th October 1880, ‘twas re-opened again
By the Bishop of Durham, a man of great fame.
On the east of the church, you may see a small cot-
A nice little garden and hot-house they’ve got
.
Close by this little cot, before you come to the stack-yard,
A Policeman you’ll find, the village to guard.
As you come along a house you can see,
Which at one time was a public and a jerry
.
Further down there is a farmyard row, in it doth dwell
A family of sons, whose names I’l1 not tell.
As you go down, you’ll come to the Waterside row,
Where the people in summer time pass to and fro.

At the end of this road, you’ll come to a bridge instead,
Where the workmen go, to earn their bread.
Close by are the gardens, once noted for fruit,
Now damaged by the smoke, and coal working out
.
As you come back a family you’ll find, and you can trace
their name further back than any in this place.
Further up the Angel Inn doth stand, on the right sidewhere an ex-policeman and his family reside.

This house belongs to a noted brewery-Cameron and Co
And you’ll get a good glass of beer if you happen to go;
Close by is the Post Office, as neat as any you’ll find;
On the opposite side is a house and shop combined

Now you go round to Bowmans yard, which has a good record,
In it you’ll find the Saxon of the burial board.
Then there’s the old Bay Horse, now a shop so fine,
Where many a poor iron worker spent his leisure time.

As you leave the old Bay Horse, a small chapel doth stand,
Where the Primitive Methodist join hand in hand.
Close by is the Royal Oak, for many years it has stood,
And it belongs to a well-known man of this neighbourhood.

This house went on wheels at one time, and did some trade
But since Witton Park works stopped, what a difference it has made.
If you look to the south, you see the highway -
The only way in, and out the same way.

Now the Councillors of this Parish, thought they would,
Instead of letting the men stand about, get them a seat if they could;
Now these seats were got, and placed in front of the turnpike,
Where the men can spend their leisure moments and enjoy their pipe.

As you go a little further up, then you’ll see
An old row of houses commonly called the key;
On the other side you come to a shop where a man and wife doth dwell,
With a neat little window, decorated with meat to sell.
Close by here the Wesleyan Chapel doth stand,
Where the Wesleyan Methodist join hand in hand.
On the opposite side to the Wesleyan Terrace youll find,
Then you come to Parkins Yard, close in behind.

Now you pass the Hawthorne Lodge, on the same side;
Further up the Masterman coke-burner and his family reside.
Then you come to a shop, which is kept by a hard working man,
Who always does his best to oblige his customers if he can.

As you go up the bank, you come to the Wear View,
On the other side there’s Primrose House in front of you.
In front of the Wear view a blacksmiths shop once stood,
A very useful shop though erected with wood.

Now the owners of this place, their names I’11 not tell,
Tho’ some of you might know who in Escomb doth dwell.
On the opposite side you’ll see Block-yard Row and in it doth dwell,
An Overman, two Deputies, a Master Shifter and Brakesman as well.

A brick oven once stood in front of this row
For the neighbours to bake in their turns you know;
Further up then the Overseers house youll see,
Where the people go to pay the burial fee.

Across the road there’s a Reading Room stands back,
Where members go to enjoy themselves and get a bit crack;
Now this place was rather small, so they got it enlarged on some spare ground. And bought a billiard table, then they got the room seated round.

As you go across the bridge a well-known family you’ll find.
With a nice big building and garden behind.
Close by there’s a house and a wash house in the yard,
Where a policemen! You’ll find the colliery to guard.

Further up then you come to the Bridge Row,
Where an old friend of mine keeps a shop you know. As you go on, before you leave this row,
An Overman, and Engineer you’l find for Stobart & Co.

As you go further up the Vicarage stands on the hillside Where the Vicar of Escomb and his family reside.
If you look to the left the new Church you’ll see,
A neat little place, and a fine cemetery.

As you go further up the Moresby House doth stand
With a beautiful front, and garden so grand;
Farther up on the other side, a lemonade shade once stood,
It was kept by a well-known family of the neighbourhood.

Then you cross the road, the Blue Bell Inn you’ll find here,
Which is well-noted for its fine spirits, and West Auckland beer;
Further up one the other side the School-masters house youll find,
Then you have the day Schools close in behind.

What spoils this village, I am sorry to say,
Is that fiery heap, smoking and burning away.

Since in this village I first did roam, Many changes I’ve seen, and many old resident has gone to their long home.

If Escomb and its suburbs you wish for to see,
Stand on the hillside and view it with me;
And now I’ll conclude with my little rhyme
And may write again at some future time.

John W Pattison
Escomb

The poem was copied from the Escomb Village Website.



9 Low Escomb, on the right, home of John William Dufton's family

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